Method of making glass sheets.



No 814,612. PATE TED MAR. 6, 1906.

' 'J. H. LUBBERS. N

METHOD OF MAKING GLASS SHEETS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG-10, 1897.

5 SHEETS-EBBHT L Z O a;

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No. 814,612. PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906. J. H. LUBBERS. METHOD OF MAKINGGLASS SHEETS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.10. 1897.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2 W n] RV I! S T m mv H M W 5 D E M E H T E A E E HI w m SRL E M W B w n v U L IT. v LKP N H m u F m DP. H T E M 2 1 6 4 1 8 0 NINVENTOR' .WITN ESSES NORRIS run. ..-c.. L|n1o. WASHINGTON, D C

. No.z-814,612. PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

J. H. LUBBERS.

METHOD OF MAKING GLASS SHEETS.

APPLICATION FILED DBG.10.'1897.

I 5 SHEETSSHEBT 4 wmusszs Q; mvsm-on Nonms PETEKSJNCHLHMD WAsnmGwN D C,

PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

J. H. LUBBEVRS. METHOD OF MAKING GLASS SHEETS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.10, 1897.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5 INVEN'I'OR S E S 8 E N n W NORRIS PETEls. ML. LITHCL,WASHINGYON. D. C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

METHOD OF MAKING GLASS SHEETS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6,1966.

' 'A plicationfiled December 10, 1897. smart. 661,878-

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JOHN H. LUBBERS, of

New Kensington, in the county of VVestmoreland and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new'and usefullmprovement in Methods 7 ofMaking Glass Sheets, of which the follow- ,making r wherein a glassslab'is forme and then with suitable applicationof heat is'stretched and ingis a-full, 'clear, and exact description, reference being had toaccompanying drawings,

forming part of this specification, in which Figure I shows in frontelevation glassstretching apparatus constructed in accordance with myinvention, the furnace being shown in vertical central section. Fig. 2is a vertical section on the line 11 II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detailviewof the d awin mechanism. Fig. 4 is a'view similar to 1g. 2, butillustrating a modification' of my Fig. 5 is a top plan view 0,afglass-m'elting furnace, showing the means hich I- refer to employ forforming the glassslab. 6 is a front elevation of the same; Fig. 7 is avertical section of Fi 5. Fig. is a view of the ladle. Fig. 9 is a cutelevat' n of the shears which I employ for cutting off the edge of theglass slab. Fig. 10is a vertical section of g, 9.-.Fig. 11 is alongitudinal sectional vlew showing *aleer which glass sheets made inaccordance ,w1th my. inventionay be annealed.

'1 Myinventionlrelates to anew method of glasssheets and 001115115888.method elongatedinto the form of a sheet.

Referring to F 5, 6, and 7 of the drawngs, 2 represents a lass-meltingtank which "-is provided with a. oat or floating bridge '3,

separating apool ofmolten glass 4 at the front of the tank from the bodyof glass in the f rear and keeping back from it the floating impurities.

1 For the purpose of forming a slab of glass,

. which is the preliminary step in my method tuated' by a verticalcylinder and plunger'8,

10f. manufacture, I employ an elongated ladle ors'coo 5, which is p acedwithin the tank in the b0 y of glass 4, and end portions or trunnions 5thereof extend out through slots 12 in the side walls of the furnace, sothat they may be engaged by a tool in thehands of the workman;

' Informing the slab the operator inserts thescoop into the furnace, asshown in Fig. 7, and draws it forwardly, thus scooping up molten glassfrom the tank. He then carries the scoop to the table 6 of shears 7,which are acinvention,

to ad it therefore heated at its base, -but its '22 and cross-bars 23.

ed to move vertically within the guideways.

land by upturning the scoop the glass is deposited on the table in theform of a slab 9, at

front of the furnace and theslots 12 at the side thereof may be closedby lowering a door or doors 13 over these openings.

I After the slab has been sheared off, as above explained, it is graspedby tongs 14, Fig. 10, the jaws of which are of the length of the slab'and are preferably faced with ashes tos or other nonheat-conductingmaterial. The slab is then carried by the tongs to the drawing apparatus(illustrated-in'Figs. 1 to 3,.- mclusive,)which com rises mechanism forstretching the glass s ab and a furnace for heating-it. Thefurnaceconsists of a vertical chamber 15, a the'base of which are ports 16,adapted able sourceof heat placed in chambers '18,

nace parallel with the iddle chamber 15'and heat from burners 17 orother suitwhich extend upward/1} in the wall of the furat their'upperends, 19 discharge into said middle chamber. The middle chamber is pointof greatest heat is at its upper end.

The lass-stretching mechanism comprises vertica guideways 20, betweenwhich is mounted a frame B, comprising upper'and lower blocks 21,connected by .urgight bars The frame is adaptinto or out of thefurnace-chamber 15, and itis actuated in such sliding motion by drurpls'e mec 24 and gearing 25 or by other suitab anism. At the lower end ofthe frame B are .tongs 26, adapted .to be operated by handles 27 and tograsp the lower edge of the glass slab, and in said frame also there aresliding .blocks 28, which can be moved vertically by drums 29 and acrank'30 or other suitable mechanism and'which are ada 'ted to receiveThe operation is as follows: The tongs .14,

4 carrying the glass slab,' are brought to the i drawing apparatus,

and; the tongs are set in the blocks 28, as shown in 1,. the blocksstretching and 28 being then in the position s own in dotted lines insaid figure. The lower edge of the slab is also grasped by the ton s 26g -gfand if the slab needs to be heated in or er to render itsufficiently plastic to undergo the stretching operation the frame B-islowered, so as to bring the slab intothe up er part of the chamber 15,where it'is su jected to heat, When the glass is sufliciently plasticfor the purpose, the operator by turningthe crankblocks 28 and tongs'14,thus 30 will raise the drawing the tongs 14 awa from the lower tongs andstretching the g ass slab which is held between them. By reason of; suchstretching the slab. is elongated gradually.

into the form a sheet; and as it is elongated the operator can judge byhis eye whether the glass is at thepro er temperature for can regu l ateitsjtempe'rature loweringor I the vertical chamber 15 of the furnace.

' The temperature of the glass slab and its degree of plasticity aretherefore under ready control.

- slab reduced to the form of a sheet, it -isr'eady conveying mechanismI the leer in vertical formed in the apparatus shown inFi to be taken toan annealing oven or leer. To

take the sheet to the leer, I have devised a my prior patent, 0.555,047, dated February 18, 1896. After the'glass sheet has bein' 1' tclosed upon itsilower e ge and tongs 26 are still carrying the glasssheet, are

the tongs 14,

detached from the blocks 28 and are suspended from a carrier 38, runningon an overhead track 39-. The hangers of the carriers 38 are adaptedto-travel in the slot 35 and carry the glass sheet in a'sus'pende'dposition through 33, the

the chamber 33. As. they travel through said chamber the glass sheetsare subjected to heat; but being suspended in a vertics lposition theyare not a t to be. distorted. I 1en the glass sheets'reac 1 the end ofthe chamber I are carried forward into-the tunnel of the eer 36, and asection 39 .of the overhead track 39, which is directly above the tunnel36, is made vertically movable by -means of a hoistinap araltus 40orotherwise,- so that when t 1e ass is in the tunnel it I can be loweredvertica' ly upon the carrying arms 37 of the leer mechanism. When thesheet is deposited upon said arms, the tongs I 14 may be releasedtherefrom, a tion 39 raised, and the the track-sec- I I tongs drawnforwardly ,awayfrom the leerfl sion. of the molten glassjin t raisingthe frame B- into or out I When finally-the blocks 28'have been drawn asfar as desired and the glass ositions, as described in glass containedin a ladle s'u the furnace-chamber. This I pended on alower cross-bar"of; the frame B, and its length is coextensive with the width of theframe. The ladle charged with molten glass IS'lOWGIBdWlththe frame,so-as'to bring it into the chamber 15- and -topreserve it .in

ported-within a piece '42 of'an alreadyeformed glass sheet is attached,are ,then lowered by moving down the blocks 28, so as to jbri ng thelower edge of the glass sheetffi' into contact with the molten glass inthe ladle. The tongsm'e then raisedslowly, and as the I e le ext pieceof glass sheetfcausestheiglass to he dr awn, from the ladle inthehforniijof ""-she;et the thickness of Which-isdetermined"Qbythedegree of la-sticity of the'moltenglassandby the spee lat which thetongs arelmove The temperatureofthe glass as. drawn and of I the body ofglass can easil raising or loweringthela e nace. Those skilled in theart? 1 understand that my improved apparatus may be varied in man res'ect's .w-it out departhrefromthe princip es'o myinvention asfsta'ted inthe following claims. I

The advantages of my invention 'will' be appreciated bythose skllledinthe art; It. affords. a 'chea and ready glass sheets an of dispensingwith the e e I sive mode heretofore in common use of b ing iylinders androllersfand'then .opening hand atte'ning them.

-claim -f. I

1. The method of'making sheetrglass, consisting i-n' drawing-andelongatingfa, slab of heated lassin its own plane b applyinga pulling?,tially" as described; I I 12.. The method of makingsheet-glass, 'consisting in drawing and elongating a glass'slab in its own plane andupward-1y by a plying a pulling force to one end of thejsli heating itdurin .the elongating; substan tiall y as describe 3; The. method.consists in scooping out.

herein. described which a body of" glass from of'aslabandthenstretc ngitintheplane of I the slab; substantially as described.

' The Qmethod "herein described which consists scooping out a body ofglassfrom a furnace, de ositing the same in 'theform of a slab and searing the fa ged edge of said slab; substantially asjdescrfiied.

. a Theiijm d described a slab 'shear ng the ragged; edgeof the slab,

I In SHOW thG furnace 811d l: mechanism used for -drawing of agiassesheet'fi not from a slab, but from-a body of molten adle 41 susrise: them he. regulated 'by way of making 5:

a furnace and depositinghthe same in the form consists inscooping out. a.body of -glass from a furnace, depos ting thesamefin the'form of heatedcondition. The tongs 14, to which orce to one end of thee ab; substan--eet, and

and stretching the sheared slab into the form then carrying the sheet ofstretched glass of a sheet; substantially asdescribed. horizontallythrough an annealing-chamber;

6. The method of making sheet-glass, consubstantially as described.sisting in forming a glass slab or plate of plas- In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set 5 tic glass, and elongating the same bydrawmy hand.

ing it upwardly in a Vertical direction; substantiallyas described.

7. The method of making sheet-glass, con- Witnesses: 'sisting in pullingu w'ardly 1n a vertical direc- F. E. GAITHER, I0 tion on a plate ofplastic heated glass, and G. B. BLEMMING.

JOHN H. LUBBERS.

